Rabbit Anti-Parkin Polyclonal Antibody #abs130171

abs130171-50ug

1-2 Weeks

201

abs130171-100ug

1-2 Weeks

301

Description

The main function of PARK2 is to act as part of a multiprotein E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, which is responsible for attaching ubiquitin molecules to substrate proteins. Some of the substrates that PARK2 targets for ubiquitination include SYT11, CCNE1, GPR37, STUB1, a 22 kDa O-linked glycosylated isoform of SNCAIP, SEPT5, and AIMP2. This process of ubiquitination plays a crucial role in the ubiquitin proteasomal pathway, as it helps in the removal and detoxification of abnormally folded or damaged proteins. The loss of PARK2's ubiquitin ligase activity is believed to be the underlying mechanism behind the development of PARK2-related pathologies.

Other names

AR JP; E3 ubiquitin ligase; E3 ubiquitin protein ligase parkin; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin; FRA6E; LPRS 2; LPRS2; PARK 2; Park2; Parkin 2; Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive juvenile) 2; Parkinson disease (autosomal recessive, juvenile) 2, parkin; Parkinson disease protein 2; Parkinson juvenile disease protein 2; Parkinson protein 2 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; Parkinson protein 2, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (parkin); PDJ; PRKN 2; PRKN; PRKN2; PRKN2_HUMAN; Ubiquitin E3 ligase PRKN;

Source

Rabbit

Specificity

The Parkin antibody is capable of identifying the total endogenous levels of Parkin present in a sample. This antibody is highly specific and can successfully detect the complete Parkin protein.

Species Reactivity

Human;Mouse;Rat

Application

The recommended dilutions for Western blotting (WB) range from 1:500 to 1:3000, for immunohistochemistry (IHC) range from 1:50 to 1:200, and for ELISA (peptide) range from 1:20000 to 1:40000. Please note that these dilutions are based on the original information provided and should be taken into consideration when conducting experiments. It is important to carefully follow the recommended dilution ranges for each application to ensure accurate and reliable results.

Immunogen

A synthesized peptide derived from human Parkin.

Properties

Concentration

1mg/ml

Purification

SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin was utilized in the peptide affinity chromatography purification process to purify the antiserum.

Clonality

Polyclonal Antibody

Stability & Storage

To maintain the quality of the product, it is recommended to store it at a temperature of -20 °C for a period of one year. It is important to avoid subjecting the product to frequent freeze/thaw cycles.

Storage buffer

The stability of Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide, and 50% glycerol is ensured when stored at -20 °C. It can be stored for a period of 12 months from the date of receipt. Please note that it is important to adhere to the specified storage conditions to maintain the integrity and functionality of the product.

Target

Background

Functions within a multiprotein E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins, such as BCL2, SYT11, CCNE1, GPR37, RHOT1/MIRO1, MFN1, MFN2, STUB1, SNCAIP, SEPT5, TOMM20, USP30, ZNF746 and AIMP2 (PubMed:10973942, PubMed:10888878, PubMed:11431533, PubMed:12150907, PubMed:12628165, PubMed:16135753, PubMed:21376232, PubMed:23754282, PubMed:23620051, PubMed:24660806, PubMed:24751536). Mediates monoubiquitination as well as 'Lys-6', 'Lys-11', 'Lys-48'-linked and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of substrates depending on the context (PubMed:19229105, PubMed:20889974, PubMed:25621951). Participates in the removal and/or detoxification of abnormally folded or damaged protein by mediating 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of misfolded proteins such as PARK7: 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitinated misfolded proteins are then recognized by HDAC6, leading to their recruitment to aggresomes, followed by degradation (PubMed:17846173, PubMed:19229105). Mediates 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of a 22 kDa O-linked glycosylated isoform of SNCAIP, possibly playing a role in Lewy-body formation (PubMed:11590439, PubMed:11431533, PubMed:19229105, PubMed:11590439, PubMed:15728840). Mediates monoubiquitination of BCL2, thereby acting as a positive regulator of autophagy (PubMed:20889974). Promotes the autophagic degradation of dysfunctional depolarized mitochondria (mitophagy) by promoting the ubiquitination of mitochondrial proteins such as TOMM20, RHOT1/MIRO1 and USP30 (PubMed:19029340, PubMed:19966284, PubMed:23620051, PubMed:24896179, PubMed:25527291). Preferentially assembles 'Lys-6'-, 'Lys-11'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains following mitochondrial damage, leading to mitophagy (PubMed:25621951). Mediates 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of ZNF746, followed by degradation of ZNF746 by the proteasome; possibly playing a role in the regulation of neuron death (PubMed:21376232). Limits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Regulates cyclin-E during neuronal apoptosis. In collaboration with CHPF isoform 2, may enhance cell viability and protect cells from oxidative stress (PubMed:22082830). Independently of its ubiquitin ligase activity, protects from apoptosis by the transcriptional repression of p53/TP53 (PubMed:19801972). May protect neurons against alpha synuclein toxicity, proteasomal dysfunction, GPR37 accumulation, and kainate-induced excitotoxicity (PubMed:11439185). May play a role in controlling neurotransmitter trafficking at the presynaptic terminal and in calcium-dependent exocytosis. May represent a tumor suppressor gene.

Tissue specificity

Highly expressed in the brain including the substantia nigra. Expressed in heart, testis and skeletal muscle. Expression is down-regulated or absent in tumor biopsies, and absent in the brain of PARK2 patients. Overexpression protects dopamine neurons from kainate-mediated apoptosis. Found in serum (at protein level).

Posttranslational modification

Auto-ubiquitinates in an E2-dependent manner leading to its own degradation (PubMed:19229105). Also polyubiquitinated by RNF41 for proteasomal degradation.S-nitrosylated. The inhibition of PRKN ubiquitin E3 ligase activity by S-nitrosylation could contribute to the degenerative process in PD by impairing the ubiquitination of PRKN substrates.Phosphorylation at Ser-65 by PINK1 contributes to activate PRKN activity. It is however not sufficient and requires binding to phosphorylated ubiquitin as well.

Celluar localization

Cytosol;Endoplasmic reticulum;Golgi apparatus;Mitochondrion;Nucleus;

UniPort

O60260