Rabbit Anti-Actin-gamma2 Polyclonal Antibody #abs130393

abs130393-50ug

1-2 Weeks

201

abs130393-100ug

1-2 Weeks

301

Description

Actins play a crucial role in cell motility and are found in all eukaryotic cells. These proteins, known as actins, are highly conserved and widely expressed. The process of polymerization transforms globular actin (G-actin) into a filamentous form called F-actin, which takes the shape of a two-stranded helix. Interestingly, each actin molecule has the ability to bind with four other actins. This family of proteins, referred to as the actin family, is essential for diverse cellular functions. It is important to note that the information provided is based on research from UniProtKB.

Other names

The mentioned terms are related to proteins, specifically Actin proteins. Actin is a vital component of the cell's cytoskeleton, providing structural support and facilitating movement. Different isoforms of Actin are found in various tissues and cell types. For instance, ACTG2 and ACTC1 are specific to smooth muscle cells, while ACTA3 is predominant in skeletal muscle cells. These Actin isoforms play crucial roles in muscle contraction and tissue function. Additionally, ACTH_HUMAN refers to the human adrenocorticotropic hormone, which regulates the release of cortisol from the adrenal glands. Overall, Actin proteins are essential for cellular activities and are specialized for specific tissue types.

Source

Rabbit

Specificity

The endogenous levels of Actin-gamma2 can be detected using the Actin-gamma2 Antibody. The antibody specifically targets and identifies Actin-gamma2 present within the sample. By detecting the endogenous levels of Actin-gamma2, this antibody allows for the analysis and study of Actin-gamma2 in various biological contexts.

Species Reactivity

Human;Mouse;Rat

Application

The WB dilution range for immunohistochemistry (IHC) is 1:500 to 1:2000, while the dilution range for IHC is 1:50 to 1:200. For ELISA assays using peptide, the dilution range is 1:20000 to 1:40000. These dilution ranges are important for accurately determining the concentration of specific proteins or peptides in biological samples. It is crucial to follow these dilution guidelines to ensure reliable and reproducible results in immunohistochemistry and ELISA experiments.

Immunogen

Human Actin-gamma2 is the source of a synthesized peptide. Let's create a different version of the information, while still staying true to the original text.

Properties

Concentration

1mg/ml

Purification

Immunogen affinity purified

Clonality

Polyclonal Antibody

Stability & Storage

One year of storage is recommended at -20 °C to maintain quality. It is important to prevent the product from undergoing multiple freeze/thaw cycles.

Storage buffer

The rabbit IgG solution is prepared in phosphate buffered saline with a pH of 7.4. It contains 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide, and 50% glycerol. To maintain its stability, it should be stored at a temperature of -20 °C. The solution remains usable for a period of 12 months from the date it was received.

Target

Background

Actins are present in all eukaryotic cells and are known for their crucial roles in diverse cellular motility processes. These proteins exhibit a remarkable level of conservation across species. Expressing themselves ubiquitously, they participate in a wide array of cellular activities.

Posttranslational modification

The oxidation of Met-45 and Met-48 by MICAL1, MICAL2, or MICAL3 leads to the formation of methionine sulfoxide, which promotes the depolymerization of actin filaments. MICAL1 and MICAL2 specifically produce the (R)-S-oxide form. To counteract this oxidation process, MSRB1 and MSRB2 revert the (R)-S-oxide form, thereby promoting actin repolymerization. This suggests that the balance between oxidation and reversion plays a crucial role in regulating actin filament dynamics.
Moreover, the monomethylation of Lys-85 (K84me1) has been found to regulate the interaction between actin and myosin, as well as actomyosin-dependent processes. The demethylation of K84me1 by ALKBH4 is necessary to maintain the dynamic properties of actomyosin, supporting normal cleavage furrow ingression during cytokinesis and cell migration.
In the context of microbial infection, certain toxins produced by Vibrio cholerae can induce the cross-linking of monomeric actin. Specifically, the toxins RtxA and VgrG1 facilitate the formation of toxic actin oligomers by cross-linking Lys-51 of one actin monomer with Glu-271 of another monomer. This cross-linking event leads to the creation of highly toxic actin oligomers, resulting in cell rounding and potentially severe consequences.
Interestingly, V.cholerae toxins can also disrupt the function of formin homology family proteins, which are important regulators of actin nucleation and elongation. Toxic actin oligomers bind tightly to formins, impairing their ability to facilitate both profilin-dependent and independent nucleation and elongation processes. Consequently, the toxins effectively inhibit formin activity, leading to significant disruption of actin dynamics.
In summary, the oxidation and reversion of specific methionine residues, as well as the methylation and demethylation of Lys-85, play crucial roles in regulating actin filament dynamics and actomyosin interactions. Additionally, during microbial infection, toxins can exploit these regulatory mechanisms to induce the formation of toxic actin oligomers and inhibit formin-mediated processes.

Celluar localization

Cytoskeleton;Cytosol;Extracellular region or secreted;

UniPort

P63267