Phospho-GSK3 Beta (Ser9) Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody#abs130628

abs130628-50ug

1-2 Weeks

201

abs130628-100ug

1-2 Weeks

301

Description

GSK3B is a member of the GSK family and acts as a proline-directed protein kinase. Its main role is to phosphorylate glycogen synthase, leading to its inactivation. Additionally, this protein kinase plays a crucial role in the Wnt signaling pathway. It is involved in various biological processes such as energy metabolism, neuronal cell development, and the formation of body patterns. By rearranging and presenting the information from the original text, we can highlight the significance of GSK3B in these different areas.

Other names

The protein known as glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, or GSK 3 beta, is a vital component in the regulation of glycogen synthesis. This serine/threonine-protein kinase is responsible for catalyzing the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase, which in turn inhibits its activity. The human GSK3B gene encodes a number of different isoforms, including GSK3beta isoform, each of which plays a unique role in the body's metabolism. Understanding the function and regulation of GSK 3 beta is essential for unraveling the complex mechanisms behind glucose metabolism and glycogen synthesis, and may have important implications for the treatment of diseases such as type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.

Source

Rabbit

Specificity

The Phospho-GSK3 beta (Ser9) Antibody specifically targets and detects the presence of GSK3 beta protein in its phosphorylated state at Serine 9. This antibody allows for the identification of endogenous levels of GSK3 beta only when it is phosphorylated at this specific site. By utilizing this antibody, researchers can gain insights into the activation status of GSK3 beta and its involvement in various cellular processes.

Predictive reaction species

Xenopus;Zebrafish;Rabbit;Pig;Dog

Application

The recommended dilutions for this antibody are 1:500-1:2000 for Western Blot, 1:50-1:500 for Immunohistochemistry, 1:100-1:500 for Immunofluorescence, 1:100-1:500 for Immunoprecipitation, and 1:20000-1:40000 for ELISA using the peptide. It is important to use the appropriate dilutions to achieve the desired results in your experiments.

A peptide has been synthesized from GSK3 beta found in humans, focusing on the Serine 9 phosphorylation site. This peptide is very similar to the original protein sequence and is derived from the same source.

Properties

1mg/ml

Purification

Affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho- and non-phospho-peptide affinity columns was utilized to obtain the antibody, which was derived from purified rabbit serum. Let me know if there's anything else I can assist you with!

Clonality

Polyclonal Antibody

/，-20°C。

Storage buffer

This product contains Rabbit IgG dissolved in phosphate buffered saline with a pH level of 7.4. The solution also contains 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide, and 50% glycerol. For optimal storage, please store this product at -20 °C. It is stable and can be stored for up to 12 months from the date of receipt.

Target

Background

GSK3B is a protein kinase that plays a key role in controlling various biological processes. It acts as a negative regulator in the hormonal control of glucose homeostasis, Wnt signaling, and regulation of transcription factors and microtubules. GSK3B achieves this by phosphorylating and inactivating various substrates, including glycogen synthase, EIF2B, CTNNB1/beta-catenin, APC, AXIN1, DPYSL2/CRMP2, JUN, NFATC1/NFATC, MAPT/TAU, and MACF1.
In skeletal muscle, GSK3B contributes to insulin regulation of glycogen synthesis by inhibiting GYS1 activity and thereby reducing glycogen synthesis. Furthermore, GSK3B regulates protein synthesis by controlling the activity of initiation factor 2B (EIF2BE/EIF2B5) in a similar manner to glycogen synthase.
In Wnt signaling, GSK3B forms a multimeric complex with APC, AXIN1, and CTNNB1/beta-catenin. It phosphorylates the N-terminus of CTNNB1, leading to its degradation mediated by ubiquitin/proteasomes. Additionally, GSK3B phosphorylates JUN at sites proximal to its DNA-binding domain, decreasing its affinity for DNA. It also phosphorylates NFATC1/NFATC, promoting nuclear export, thereby shutting off NFATC1/NFATC gene regulation and opposing the action of calcineurin.
Furthermore, GSK3B phosphorylates MAPT/TAU on 'Thr-548,' which significantly reduces its ability to bind and stabilize microtubules. MAPT/TAU is the principal component of neurofibrillary tangles observed in Alzheimer's disease. GSK3B plays an essential role in ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. It phosphorylates MACF1, inhibiting its binding to microtubules, which is critical for its role in bulge stem cell migration and skin wound repair.
Moreover, GSK3B probably regulates NF-kappa-B (NFKB1) at the transcriptional level and is essential for the NF-kappa-B-mediated anti-apoptotic response to TNF-alpha (TNF/TNFA). It negatively regulates replication in pancreatic beta-cells, resulting in apoptosis, loss of beta-cells, and diabetes. Additionally, through phosphorylation of the anti-apoptotic protein MCL1, GSK3B controls cell apoptosis in response to growth factors deprivation. It also phosphorylates MUC1 in breast cancer cells, decreasing the interaction of MUC1 with CTNNB1/beta-catenin.
Furthermore, GSK3B is necessary for the establishment of neuronal polarity and axon outgrowth. It phosphorylates MARK2, leading to the inhibition of its activity. GSK3B phosphorylates SIK1 at 'Thr-182,' leading to sustaining its activity. It also phosphorylates ZC3HAV1, which enhances its antiviral activity. Moreover, GSK3B phosphorylates SNAI1, leading to its degradation and proteasomal degradation. It phosphorylates SFPQ at 'Thr-687' upon T-cell activation. Additionally, GSK3B phosphorylates NR1D1 st 'Ser-55' and 'Ser-59' and stabilizes it by protecting it from proteasomal degradation.
Finally, GSK3B regulates the circadian clock via phosphorylation of the major clock components, including ARNTL/BMAL1, CLOCK, and PER2. It phosphorylates CLOCK AT 'Ser-427' and targets it for proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, GSK3B phosphorylates ARNTL/BMAL1 at 'Ser-17' and 'Ser-21' and primes it for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. It also phosphorylates OGT at 'Ser-3' or 'Ser-4,' positively regulating its activity. Lastly, GSK3B phosphorylates MYCN in neuroblastoma cells, promoting its degradation.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in testis, thymus, prostate and ovary and weakly expressed in lung, brain and kidney. Colocalizes with EIF2AK2/PKR and TAU in the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain.

Celluar localization

Cytoskeleton;Cytosol;Mitochondrion;Nucleus;Plasma Membrane;

P49841