Rabbit Anti-RARA Polyclonal Antibody#abs135623

abs135623-100ug

1-2 Weeks

301.0

abs135623-50ug

1-2 Weeks

201.0

catalog

Description

Retinoids, which include vitamin A and its active derivatives of retinoic acid, are molecules that play a significant role in regulating cellular processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, and programmed cell death. These molecules bind to specific nuclear receptors, retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs), and form heterodimers or homodimers that subsequently modulate gene expression. The dimers bind to retinoic acid response elements and recruit co-factors and transcriptional machinery that ultimately regulate chromatin structure and gene expression patterns.
Moreover, phosphorylation of RARalpha by JNK at specific sites also influences the stability of the RAR-RXR complex by controlling the activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Interestingly, genetic defects in RARalpha have been linked to acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) - a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia. In over 99% of cases of APL, a chromosomal translocation involving PML-RARalpha fusion protein occurs. This fusion protein inhibits various myeloid differentiation pathways and transcription of retinoic acid-target genes by recruiting co-repressors.
In conclusion, retinoids are important regulators of cellular processes and function via binding to nuclear receptors, forming dimers, and modulating chromatin structure and gene expression patterns. Dysregulation of RARalpha is involved in a specific subtype of acute myeloid leukemia- APL, with the fusion protein implicated in attenuating myeloid differentiation and transcription of retinoic acid-target genes.

Concentration

1mg/ml

Target

Background

Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. RARA plays an essential role in the regulation of retinoic acid-induced germ cell development during spermatogenesis. Has a role in the survival of early spermatocytes at the beginning prophase of meiosis. In Sertoli cells, may promote the survival and development of early meiotic prophase spermatocytes. In concert with RARG, required for skeletal growth, matrix homeostasis and growth plate function (By similarity). Regulates expression of target genes in a ligand-dependent manner by recruiting chromatin complexes containing KMT2E/MLL5. Mediates retinoic acid-induced granulopoiesis.