Rabbit Anti-GAD67 Polyclonal Antibody #abs122263

abs122263-50ul

In Stock

201

abs122263-100ul

In Stock

301

Other names

Decarboxylase 1; 67 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase, also known as glutamate decarboxylase 67 or GAD-67, is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of glutamate to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). This enzyme plays a crucial role in the regulation of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. GAD-67 is encoded by the GAD1 gene and exists as an isoform of 67 kDa. The abbreviation GAD is often used to refer to this enzyme. GAD-67 is involved in various physiological processes, including the modulation of neuronal excitability and the maintenance of synaptic plasticity. Its dysfunction has been implicated in neurological disorders such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease. In conclusion, glutamate decarboxylase 67, or GAD-67, is a key enzyme that contributes to the synthesis of GABA and plays a vital role in the central nervous system.

Source

Rabbit

Specificity

GAD67

Species Reactivity

Human;Mouse;Rat;

Application

The recommended dilutions for WB range from 1:500 to 2000, while for ELISA they are 1:500 to 1000. IHC-P should be performed with a dilution range of 1:400 to 800, and the same goes for IHC-F. If performing IF, the recommended dilution is 1:100 to 500, although note that paraffin sections will require antigen retrieval to produce accurate results. Be sure to follow these guidelines carefully in order to obtain the most reliable data, and always consult with your lab supervisor if you have any questions or concerns.

Immunogen

A synthetic peptide derived from the human GAD67 protein, consisting of amino acids 455 to 594 out of a total of 594, has been conjugated with KLH. It is possible to generate content with a similar meaning to this statement by reiterating that the peptide in question is artificially produced from a human protein fragment and has undergone conjugation with KLH. The specific amino acid sequence refers to positions 455 to 594 of the overall sequence, indicating that this peptide is a smaller segment of a larger protein molecule. Overall, this information pertains to the composition and derivation of a research reagent used in experiments studying the function of GAD67 protein.

Properties

Concentration

1mg/ml

Purification

affinity purified by Protein A

Clonality

Polyclonal Antibody

Isotype

IgG

Stability & Storage

To maintain the quality of the product, it is recommended to store it at a temperature of -20 °C for up to one year. It is important to note that the product should not be subjected to repeated freeze/thaw cycles as it can affect its potency.

Storage buffer

，0.01M pH7.4（TBS），1% （BSA），0.03% Proclin30050% 。，。

Research area

Immunology focuses on the study of the body's immune system and its response to different pathogens and diseases. This field plays a crucial role in understanding how the immune system can be harnessed to combat tumor growth and development. Tumor cell biology explores the characteristics and behavior of cancer cells, including their growth, division, and interaction with the surrounding environment. This knowledge is essential for developing targeted therapies that specifically attack cancer cells while sparing healthy cells. Neurobiology investigates the structure and function of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. The study of neurobiology is vital for understanding how tumors in the brain can affect neurological function and for developing treatments to mitigate these effects. Metabolism studies the chemical reactions that occur within cells to sustain life and energy production. A deeper understanding of metabolism can provide insights into the metabolic alterations that occur in tumor cells, potentially leading to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Overall, these interconnected fields of study contribute to our understanding of cancer development, progression, and treatment.

Target

Background

Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) is an enzyme that facilitates the conversion of L glutamate to g-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA serves as the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and is also believed to act as a signaling molecule in pancreatic islets. GAD exhibits a specific distribution within the body, primarily found in the cytoplasm of GABAergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and pancreatic beta cells. Interestingly, it is also present in non-neuronal tissues like the testis, oviduct, and ovary. In addition, GAD is temporarily expressed in non-GABAergic cells during both embryonic and adult stages, suggesting its involvement in developmental processes and plasticity.
GAD exists as two isoforms, GAD65 and GAD67 (molecular masses of 65 and 67 kD, respectively) that are encoded by two different genes. GAD65 is an ampiphilic, membraneanchored protein, (585 amino acid residues) and is encoded on human chromosome 10. GAD67 is a cytoplasmic protein (594 amino acid residues) and is encoded on chromosome 2. There is 64% amino acid identity between the two isoforms, with the highest diversity located at the N terminus, which in GAD65 is required for targeting the enzyme to GABA-containing secretory vesicles. The two isoforms appear to have distinct intraneuronal distribution in the brain. GAD65 has been identified as an autoantigen in insulindependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome (SMS), IDDM is an autoimmune disease that results from T cell mediated destruction of pancreatic insulin-secreting beta cells. Islet-reactive T cells and antibodies primarily to GAD65 (also named beta cell autoantigen) can be detected in peripheral blood of 80% of recent-onset IDD patients and in pre-diabetic high-risk subjects before onset of clinical symptoms. This suggests that GAD may be an important marker in the early stages of the disease. Also, autoantibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 are detected in animal models of IDDM, including the non-obese diabetes (NOD) mouse. In the NOD mouse, T cell reactivity is initially restricted to the C terminal regions of GAD65, but later spreads to other parts of GAD65. Stiff-man syndrome (SMS), a rare disorder of the CNS, is characterized by progressive rigidity of the body musculature with painful spasms, due to impairment of the GABAergic neurotransmission.

UniPort

Q99259