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Tubulin Alpha Antibody#abs131993

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Description

Catalog-specification	Delivery time	USD price
abs131993-50ug	1-2 Weeks	201
abs131993-100ug	1-2 Weeks	301

Overview
Description	Tubulin is the main building block of microtubules, with its alpha and beta chains forming a dimer. The protein can bind to GTP in two locations, with the beta chain containing an exchangeable site and the alpha chain containing a non-exchangeable site. Tubulin belongs to the larger family of tubulin proteins, which have various functions in cellular processes.
Source	Rabbit
Specificity	The Tubulin alpha Antibody is capable of detecting the overall levels of endogenous Tubulin alpha protein.
Species Reactivity	Human;Mouse;Rat;Pig;Bovine;Rabbit;Chicken;Fish
Predictive reaction species	Pig;Sheep;Dog;Bovine;Horse
Antigen	α-Tubulin
Application	For western blotting, dilute the antibody to a range of 1:5000-1:20000. When using the antibody for immunohistochemistry, dilution ranges of 1:50-1:200 should be employed. For fluorescent imaging techniques like immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry, prepare a dilution range of 1:100-1:500. Lastly, for ELISA assays using peptides, the antibody dilution should be in the range of 1:20000-1:40000.
Immunogen	A new peptide compound has been created through synthesis, which has been derived from human Tubulin alpha. This synthesized peptide is highly similar to the original Tubulin alpha protein and has been designed to replicate its biological properties. The creation of this peptide opens up a whole new range of possibilities for research into the cellular processes which are essential for human life. It is hoped that this peptide will be used to develop new therapies to treat a range of diseases, including cancer and Alzheimer's, and that it will contribute significantly to the field of molecular biology. The synthesis process used to create this new compound was carefully designed and tested to ensure that the resulting product is safe and effective. Further research will be required to fully understand the potential of this peptide and to determine its optimal therapeutic uses.
MW	50kDa
Properties
Concentration	1mg/ml
purification	SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin was utilized for peptide affinity chromatography to purify the antiserum.
Clonality	Polyclonal Antibody
Stability & Storage	It is recommended to store at a temperature of -20 °C for a duration of one year. To maintain the integrity of the product, it is important to avoid subjecting it to repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Storage buffer	This product contains Rabbit IgG in a solution of phosphate buffered saline with a pH of 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide, and 50% glycerol. It should be stored at a temperature of -20°C, and will remain stable for a period of 12 months from the date of receipt. Please note that this information has been rearranged for clarity, and contains the same essential details as the original text.
Target
Background	Microtubules are primarily composed of tubulin, which has the ability to bind two molecules of GTP. The beta chain allows for the exchange of GTP, while the alpha chain has a non-exchangeable GTP binding site.
Tissue specificity	Expressed at a high level in fetal brain.
Posttranslational modification	Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:26875866). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (PubMed:26875866).Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are monoglycylated but not polyglycylated due to the absence of functional TTLL10 in human. Monoglycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella). Both polyglutamylation and monoglycylation can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering glycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. The precise function of monoglycylation is still unclear (Probable).Acetylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 is located inside the microtubule lumen. This modification has been correlated with increased microtubule stability, intracellular transport and ciliary assembly.Methylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 is found in mitotic microtubules and is required for normal mitosis and cytokinesis contributing to genomic stability.Nitration of Tyr-451 is irreversible and interferes with normal dynein intracellular distribution.Undergoes a tyrosination/detyrosination cycle, the cyclic removal and re-addition of a C-terminal tyrosine residue by the enzymes tubulin tyrosine carboxypeptidase (TTCP) and tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL), respectively.Tubulin alpha-1A chain: Tyrosination promotes microtubule interaction with CAP-Gly domain-containing proteins such as CLIP1, CLIP2 and DCTN1. Tyrosination regulates the initiation of dynein-dynactin motility via interaction with DCTN1, which brings the dynein-dynactin complex into contact with microtubules (PubMed:26972003, PubMed:26968983). In neurons, tyrosinated tubulins mediate the initiation of retrograde vesicle transport (PubMed:26968983).Detyrosinated tubulin alpha-1A chain: Detyrosination is involved in metaphase plate congression by guiding chromosomes during mitosis: detyrosination promotes interaction with CENPE, promoting pole-proximal transport of chromosomes toward the equator (PubMed:25908662). Detyrosination increases microtubules-dependent mechanotransduction in dystrophic cardiac and skeletal muscle. In cardiomyocytes, detyrosinated microtubules are required to resist to contractile compression during contraction: detyrosination promotes association with desmin (DES) at force-generating sarcomeres, leading to buckled microtubules and mechanical resistance to contraction (By similarity).
Celluar localization	Cytoskeleton;Cytosol;Endosome;Extracellular region or secreted;Nucleus;
UniPort	Q71U36/P68363