Human PD-L1/B7-H1 ELISA Kit

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Cat: abs510014

Size: 96T

Human PD-L1/B7-H1 ELISA Kit

Testing Principle

This particular assay kit employs a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. It involves a high affinity plate that has been pre-coated with a specific anti-human PD-L1 antibody. To conduct the assay, standards, test samples, and biotinylated detection antibodies are introduced into the wells of the plate that has been labeled with enzymes. Following a period of incubation, the PD-L1 molecules in the samples bind to both the solid-phase antibodies and the detection antibodies, resulting in the formation of immune complexes. To remove any unbound materials, the plate is thoroughly washed. Subsequently, horseradish peroxidase-labeled streptavidin (HRP) is applied to the plate. Further washing ensures that only the immune complexes remain. To initiate the color development, a chromogenic substrate is added, and this process occurs in a dark environment. To halt the reaction, a stop solution is introduced, and the absorbance of the resulting color is measured at a wavelength of 450 nm. It is important to note that a reference correction wavelength of either 540 nm or 570 nm is utilized along with the 450 nm measurement.

Detection type: sandwich enzyme immunoassay

Form: pre-coated 96-well plate

Sample type: Cell culture supernatant, Serum, Plasma

Sample quantity: 100ul

Kit composition:

Specifications for a 96-well polystyrene microplate include a coating of capture antibody for effective immobilization. The microplate package also includes a standard for calibration purposes. Additionally, a detection antibody is provided for the specific identification of target molecules. The 10× reagent diluent facilitates the dilution of samples for optimal reaction conditions. Color reagents A and B are included for the development of a chromogenic signal. A 25× wash buffer ensures efficient removal of unbound substances. To halt the reaction, a stop solution is provided. Lastly, the package includes ELISA plate sealers to prevent contamination during incubation.

Sensitivity:  11.5 pg / mL

Detection range:  156.3-10000 pg/mL

Recovery rate:  82.7-107.2%

Storage: 2-8 ° C

The standard curve:

Background: PD-L1

PD-L1, also known as B7-H1 and CD274, is a 65 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein. It belongs to the B7 family and acts as an immunomodulatory molecule. Inflammatory processes activate immune cells such as macrophages, T cells, B cells, as well as keratinocytes, endothelial cells, and intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in the expression of PD-L1. Additionally, PD-L1 can be found in various cancer cells, including melanoma.

PD-L1 has multiple functions in regulating the immune system. It has the ability to bind to PD-1 and T cells' B7-1/CD80, which leads to the inhibition of T cell activation and proliferation. Moreover, it can induce apoptosis in activated T cells. These actions make PD-L1 crucial in maintaining immune tolerance and regulating the development of T cells.
One important role of PD-L1 is seen in the anti-inflammatory process, where it promotes the development of dendritic cells generated by IL-10 and IL-22. This contributes to immune tolerance by inhibiting the development of Th17 cells, which are involved in inflammatory responses.
In the context of cancer, PD-L1 plays a significant role in immune evasion. It can resist the lysis mediated by T cells, allowing cancer cells to evade the immune system. Additionally, PD-L1 enhances the ability of epithelial cells to transform into stroma, which contributes to tumor growth. It also enhances the tumorigenic function of Th22 cells, further promoting cancer progression.
In individuals with cancer, there is an increased presence of soluble PD-L1 in their plasma. This soluble form of PD-L1 can still bind to PD-1 and induce apoptosis in T cells. Likewise, in glioma patients, the cerebrospinal fluid shows an elevated level of soluble PD-L1.
In summary, PD-L1 has diverse and significant roles in immune regulation and cancer development. An understanding of its functions is crucial in exploring potential therapeutic interventions in immune-related diseases and cancer treatment.

Technical hints: For research use only, not for in vitro diagnosis.

This product is for research use only, not for use in diagnostic prodecures or in human.

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