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Rabbit Anti-IKBKE Polyclonal Antibody#abs135567

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Description

Catalog-specification	Delivery time	USD price
abs135567-50ug	1-2 Weeks	201.0
abs135567-100ug	1-2 Weeks	301.0

Overview
catalog	abs135567
Description	IKK epsilon is a crucial regulatory protein that plays a key role in controlling antiviral signaling pathways in the body. Although it was originally regarded as a noncanonical I-kappa-B kinase (IKK), recent studies have shown that it is also a breast cancer oncogene and is overexpressed in a significant number of breast carcinomas and cell lines. In functional terms, IKK epsilon has a pivotal role in regulating the activity of inhibitors of NF-kappa-B. By phosphorylating these inhibitors, the protein can effectively induce the dissociation of the inhibitor/NF-kappa-B complex, resulting in the ultimate degradation of the inhibitor. This process is critical for efficient immune responses in the body. Additionally, research has demonstrated that IKK epsilon can also help to protect cells from cell death caused by DNA damage. Its ability to modulate cell activity in this way underscores its importance in various fundamental biological processes, and highlights IKK epsilon as an intriguing target for further investigation in both basic and clinical research settings.
Other names	IkBKE, also known as I kappa B kinase epsilon, IKK related kinase epsilon, or IKK-E, is a crucial protein involved in various cellular processes. It is a member of the IKK family and plays a significant role in the regulation of the NF-kappa B pathway, which is responsible for controlling inflammatory responses, cell survival, and immune function. IKK epsilon, encoded by the IKKE gene, functions by phosphorylating the inhibitory protein I kappa B (IkB), resulting in its degradation. This allows the activation and translocation of NF-kappa B to the nucleus, where it can initiate the transcription of target genes involved in inflammation and immune responses. Inducible I kappa B kinase, also known as inducible I kappa-B kinase or inducible IkappaB kinase, refers to the ability of IKK epsilon to be upregulated in response to various stimuli, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, viral infections, or stress signals. This inducibility enables IKK epsilon to rapidly activate the NF-kappa B pathway and initiate appropriate cellular responses. IKK epsilon is specifically phosphorylated by upstream signaling kinases, such as TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) or IKK-iota (IKK-i), in response to specific triggers. Once activated, IKK epsilon phosphorylates IkB proteins, leading to their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation via the proteasome. This process frees NF-kappa B, allowing it to translocate to the nucleus and regulate gene expression. The importance of IKK epsilon in immune responses and inflammation has been demonstrated in various studies. Knockout or inhibition of IKK epsilon has been shown to impair the activation of NF-kappa B and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing inflammatory responses. Additionally, IKK epsilon has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. In summary, IKK epsilon, also known as inducible I kappa B kinase, is a critical regulator of the NF-kappa B pathway. Its phosphorylation of IkB proteins leads to NF-kappa B activation and subsequent gene expression changes, influencing various cellular processes and immune responses. Its inducible nature allows for rapid response to external stimuli, contributing to its role in inflammation and immune regulation.
Source	Rabbit
Specificity	The total IKBKE levels within the organism are detected by the IKBKE antibody, which specifically targets the endogenous levels of IKBKE.
Species Reactivity	Human;Mouse;Rat
Antigen	IKBKE
Application	The dilution ranges for WB, IHC, and ELISA(peptide) are as follows: WB 1:500-1:2000, IHC 1:50-1:200, and ELISA(peptide) 1:20000-1:40000. These dilutions are commonly used in laboratory experiments to ensure optimum detection and measurement of target proteins or peptides. It is important to follow these dilution guidelines to achieve accurate results in the respective assays. For WB, a dilution range of 1:500-1:2000 implies that the primary antibody should be diluted between 500-2000 times before incubation with the target protein. Similarly, for IHC, a dilution range of 1:50-1:200 indicates that the primary antibody should undergo dilution between 50-200 times prior to staining the tissue sections. Lastly, for ELISA(peptide), the dilution range of 1:20000-1:40000 suggests that the peptide should be diluted within this range for optimal detection in the ELISA assay. Following these dilution protocols is crucial for obtaining reliable and reproducible results in experiments involving WB, IHC, and ELISA(peptide).
Immunogen	A synthesized peptide derived from human IKBKE.
MW	80kDa
Properties
Concentration	1mg/ml
purification	The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin .
Clonality	Polyclonal Antibody
Stability & Storage	Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles
Storage buffer	Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.Store at -20 °C.Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Target
Background	Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to viral infection, through the activation of the type I IFN, NF-kappa-B and STAT signaling. Also involved in TNFA and inflammatory cytokines, like Interleukin-1, signaling. Following activation of viral RNA sensors, such as RIG-I-like receptors, associates with DDX3X and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs), IRF3 and IRF7, as well as DDX3X. This activity allows subsequent homodimerization and nuclear translocation of the IRF3 leading to transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory and antiviral genes including IFNB. In order to establish such an antiviral state, IKBKE forms several different complexes whose composition depends on the type of cell and cellular stimuli. Thus, several scaffolding molecules including IPS1/MAVS, TANK, AZI2/NAP1 or TBKBP1/SINTBAD can be recruited to the IKBKE-containing-complexes. Activated by polyubiquitination in response to TNFA and interleukin-1, regulates the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway through, at least, the phosphorylation of CYLD. Phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B thus leading to the dissociation of the inhibitor/NF-kappa-B complex and ultimately the degradation of the inhibitor. In addition, is also required for the induction of a subset of ISGs which displays antiviral activity, may be through the phosphorylation of STAT1 at 'Ser-708'. Phosphorylation of STAT1 at 'Ser-708' seems also to promote the assembly and DNA binding of ISGF3 (STAT1:STAT2:IRF9) complexes compared to GAF (STAT1:STAT1) complexes, in this way regulating the balance between type I and type II IFN responses. Protects cells against DNA damage-induced cell death. Also plays an important role in energy balance regulation by sustaining a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation in obesity, wich leads to a negative impact on insulin sensitivity. Phosphorylates AKT1.
Tissue specificity	Highly expressed in spleen followed by thymus, peripheral blood leukocytes, pancreas, placenta. Weakly expressed in lung, kidney, prostate, ovary and colon.
Posttranslational modification	Autophosphorylated and phosphorylated by IKBKB/IKKB. Phosphorylation at Ser-172 is enhanced by the interaction with DDX3X. Phosphorylated at Thr-501 upon IFN activation.Sumoylation by TOPORS upon DNA damage is required for protection of cells against DNA damage-induced cell death. Desumoylated by SENP1.'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitinated at Lys-30 and Lys-401 by TRAF2:BIRC2 and TRAF2:BIRC3 complexes. Ubiquitination is induced by LPS, TNFA and interleukin-1 and required for full kinase activity and KF-kappa-B pathway activation.
Celluar localization	Cytosol;Endosome;Mitochondrion;Nucleus;
UniPort	Q14164